In relation to substances, what does the term 'depressant' refer to?

The term 'depressant' refers to a substance that slows down bodily functions, particularly those related to the central nervous system. Depressants can decrease heart rate, lower blood pressure, and reduce physical and mental activity. Common examples of depressants include alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates, all of which induce a calming effect and can be used to treat anxiety or insomnia. By inhibiting the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, depressants produce these relaxing effects, differentiating them from stimulants, which enhance bodily functions and increase alertness. Understanding this distinction is crucial in fields such as medicine and substance abuse prevention, as it highlights the potential risks and effects associated with the use of depressants.